Abstract: Based on the process mineralogy of a vanadium-titanium iron ore, the mineralogical factors affecting the development and utilization of the ore were analyzed. The results show that the valuable elements of ore are vanadium, titanium and iron, all of which are high grade, and the impurity elements are aluminum and silicon; the main iron and titanium minerals are magnetite-martite-titanohematite, limonite and ilmenite. The iron and titanium minerals are not closely related to gangue, and the density and magnetism are quite different, so they are easy to be separated from gangue. Because of the complicated associated interface between iron and titanium minerals, the variable magnetism and the overlapping magnetism ranges, it is difficult to effectively separate iron minerals from titanium minerals by using conventional magnetic separation processes. By magnetization roasting-magnetic separation process, the theoretical grade of iron and vanadium is Fe 64.23% and V2O5 1.29% with the theoretical recovery being 60.29% and 72.54% respectively if they are recovered from magnetite-martite-titanohematite; the theoretical grade of titanium is TiO2 52.70% with the theoretical recovery being about 65% if the titanium is recovered from ilmenite.