Abstract: Systematic mineralogical characteristics of Cuola lithium polymetallic mining area,western Jiajik rare metal ore gathering area, was studied in this paper.Known by analytical testing methods such as lake identification, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD),the ore minerals are mainly spodumene, followed by very small amounts of phospatite, lithium mica, and trace amounts of niobite, niobite, and cassiterite. The gangue minerals are mainly feldspar and quartz, followed by mica, and trace minerals include apatite and chlorite. Lithium in the ore is mainly present in spodumene, with associated beneficial components such as niobium, tantalum, and hafnium, all reaching the comprehensive recovery index value; the mineral separation test shows that the major ore mineral such as spodumene can be used, in addition to, its associated valuable elements such as niobium and tantalum can also be realize comprehensive recovery and utilization, further indicating that the lithium mining area has important development value.