Abstract: Guandian iron ore is the largest Ningxiang style iron ore body in China. The iron ore is rich in phosphorus and hard to beneficiate and smelt, so for a long time the iron ore didna be exploited and utilized in a large scale. Based on the research of the type, content, occurrence and physicochemical properties, the major iron-bearing minerals and the occurrence of phosphorus were identified. According to the research of the technological mineralogy characteristics of Guandian iron ore, the effects and problems possibly appearing in the methods of gravity separation, high-intensity magnetic flotation and flotation were expected, providing reference and lay a good foundation for the iron ore beneficiation and smelting.