Abstract: This is an article in the field of mining engineering. The mineral resources are an important material basis for economic and social development. Figure out the background and development and utilization of mineral resources has a great significance for scientifically formulate strategic planning and policies, and keep the safe baseline mineral resources. The coal and non-metallic building materials are major mineral resources of Ningxia, which have the characteristics of large quantity and high quality. The Metal mineral resources with the characteristics of small scale and poor quality are mainly distributed in Weining Beishan and Xiangshan areas. The advantageous mineral resources of Ningxia include coal, plaster, limestone, quentzite ore, magnesium ore, rock salt, sandstone and soil ore. In recent years, the development and utilization of mineral resources in Ningxia show the characteristics from diversification to simplification, from extensive to intensive, and from large-scale to high-quality. The development and utilization of mineral resources in Ningxia need to start from many aspects, such as coordinate the development and utilization and give full play to the regional advantages of mineral resources, build an industrial chain for the development and utilization of advantageous mineral resources and promote the whole process utilization of various products in the process of mineral resources development, promote the strategic objectives of precise positioning, high-quality and optimal use of mineral resources, system construction, multi-level utilization, consideration of storage and production and long-term utilization. Try to transform mineral resources reserves into momentum of economic and social development in the greatest extent.