Abstract: This is a paper in the field of mineral processing engineering. The mineral characteristics of a vanadium titanium iron concentrate sample from Panxi were studied using sieve analysis, polarizing microscope, X-ray diffractometer, Zeiss Sigma 500 scanning electron microscope, Bruker energy spectrometer, and AMICS automatic mineral analysis system. The main gangue minerals in the sample are magnetite pyrite, granular ilmenite, pyroxene, feldspar, etc. The contents of coarse and fine products TFe, S, SiO₂, Al₂O₃, MgO, and gangue minerals are quite different. A small amount of Fe exists in ilmenite, magnetic pyrite, and non-metallic minerals. Ti mainly exists in the form of titanium magnetite. ilmenite and magnesium aluminum spinel are inlaid on the base of titanium magnetite in lamellar, veinlet, thin strip, grid, and needle shapes, The particle size of the guest crystal mineral is very fine, making it difficult to grind, separate, and post treat the product. The use of grinding magnetic separation can increase the TFe grade of vanadium titanium iron concentrate by 2-3 percentage points. The essence of the improvement is a significant decrease in the content of SiO₂, Al₂O₃, and MgO in the concentrate, with a decrease of SiO₂>MgO>Al₂O₃. The TiO₂ content of the concentrate does not change much during the improvement process, with Fe/TiO₂ increasing from 4.29 to 4.50, V₂O₅ grade slightly increasing, and S grade slightly decreasing.