高炉瓦斯泥自还原铁锌分离BBD法优化

周兰花; 曾富洪; 龚永民

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2022.05.006

高炉瓦斯泥自还原铁锌分离BBD法优化

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2022.05.006

攀枝花学院，四川　攀枝花　617000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51764031）；攀枝花大学科技园“种子资金”

详细信息

作者简介:
周兰花（1969-），女，博士，主要从事冶金资源综合利用研究

中图分类号: TD989; TF55
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-04

Optimization of Separating Iron and Zinc from BF Gas Sludge by BBD Method

Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 针对高炉瓦斯泥中重要有价元素铁锌分离回收利用难问题，以优化高炉瓦斯泥加热自还原热工参数、实现铁锌良好分离为目的，开展了高炉瓦斯泥球团加热自还原的单因素实验以及响应曲面中的BBD(Box-Behnken Design)法设计的因素优化实验。铁锌还原分离效果以铁、锌的金属化率作为评价指标。结果发现：各热工参数对铁、锌氧化物还原分离影响程度为加热时间>温度>造球压力；铁锌还原分离优化的热工参数为1299.95℃、加热时间为47.05 min、造球压力为8 MPa。热工参数优化条件下的BBD法实验得到：球团还原过程中铁的金属化率达94.67%、锌的金属化率达96.08%，铁主要以金属铁形式留存于球团中，锌以气态单质锌进入烟尘，在烟尘中氧化成为ZnO，铁锌实现了良好的分离。
- 高炉瓦斯泥 /
- 球团 /
- 自还原 /
- 响应曲面
Abstract: In order to optimize the thermal parameters of BF gas sludge and realize the good separation of iron and zinc from the sludge, the single factor experiment of heating self reduction of the sludge pellet and that of factor optimization design by BBD (Box-Behnken Design) method in response surface were carried aiming at the problem difficult to separate and recover iron and zinc from the sludge. The metallization rate of iron and that of zinc are used as the evaluation index for the separation of iron and zinc. The results show that the influence of thermal parameters on the reduction and separation of iron and zinc oxides are time > temperature > pelleting pressure; the optimized conditions are1299.95℃, 47.05 min and 8 MPa of pelleting pressure. It is obtained by the optimization test of thermal parameters designed by BBD method that the metallization of iron and zinc reach to 94.67% and 96.08%, respectively, and iron is mainly retained in pellets in the form of metallic iron and Zinc enters into the dust as a gaseous element zinc and then oxidized to ZnO dust. Good separation of iron and zinc is achieved.
- BF gas sludge /
- Pellet /
- Self-reduction /
- Response surface methodology

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图 1 高炉瓦斯泥自还原平衡成分

Figure 1. Self-reducing balanced components of BF gas sludge

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图 2 1200℃、40 min铁金属化率与造球压力的关系

Figure 2. Relationship between metallization of iron and pelleting pressure at 1200℃ and 40 min

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图 3 1200℃、40 min锌金属化率与造球压力的关系

Figure 3. Relationship between metallization of zinc and pelleting pressure at 1200℃ and 40 min

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图 4 8 MPa造球压力下铁的金属化率

Figure 4. Metallization of iron at 8 MPa of pelleting pressure

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图 5 8 MPa造球压力下锌的金属化率

Figure 5. Metallization of zinc at 8 MPa of pelleting pressure

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图 6 还原球团XRD分析

Figure 6. XRD analysis of reduced pellets

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图 7 还原挥发物XRD分析

Figure 7. XRD analysis of reduced volatiles

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表 1 高炉瓦斯泥成分/%

Table 1. Composition of BF gas sludge

TFe	FeO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	MgO	C	MFe	V₂O₅	ZnO	MnO	TiO₂
27.6	34.38	10.18	4.26	5.60	4.43	20.00	0.83	0. 23	3.1	0.28	5.40

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表 2 单因素实验方案

Table 2. Single factor test program

T/℃	t/min	造球压力/MPa	T/℃	t/min	造球压力/MPa	T/℃	t/min	造球压力/MPa	T/℃	t/min	造球压力/MPa
1300	65	8	1100	45	8	1200	45	8	1200	40	6
1300	55	8	1100	40	8	1200	40	8	1200	40	7
1300	45	8	1100	35	8	1200	35	8	1200	40	8
1300	35	8	1100	30	8	1200	30	8	1200	40	9
1300	25	8	1100	25	8	1200	25	8	1200	40	10
1300	20	8	1100	20	8	1200	20	8	-	-	-

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表 3 响应面法实验因数水平与编码值

Table 3. Actual and code values of variables

水平	温度		时间		造球压力
	因子/%	代码	因子/min	代码	因子/MPa	代码
	T	A	t	B	M	C
1	1350	1	65	1	10	1
0	1225	0	37.5	0	8	0
−1	1100	−1	15	−1	6	−1
注: ${\rm{B} } = \frac{ { {\rm{t} } - 40} }{ {25} }$、${\rm{C} } = \frac{ { {\rm{M} } - 8} }{2}$

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表 4 响应面法实验方案及结果

Table 4. Matrix and results of RSM test

A	B	C	Y₁/%	Y₂/%	A	B	C	Y₁/%	Y₂/%	A	B	C	Y₁/%	Y₂/%
−1	0	1	85.3	68.2	0	1	1	95.8	91.8	0	−1	1	85.2	40.5
0	0	0	93.6	70.44	0	0	0	92.8	72.4	0	0	0	91.3	78.4
1	−1	0	92.3	81.16	1	1	0	95.3	96.08	−1	−1	0	70.3	35.2
1	0	−1	95.3	90.96	0	1	−1	94.7	87.5	−1	0	−1	86.5	68.8
0	0	0	91.5	78.6	−1	1	0	94	89.2	0	0	0	90.1	72.4
0	−1	−1	84.8	36.4	1	0	1	92	90.48	-	-	-	-	-

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表 5 Y₁的方差分析

Table 5. ANOVA on Y₁

来源	平方和	df	均方根	F 值	P值	显著性
模型	607.7059	5	121.5412	50.04232	< 0.0001	**
A	188.18	1	188.18	77.47961	< 0.0001	**
B	278.48	1	278.48	114.659	< 0.0001	**
AB	107.1225	1	107.1225	44.1057	< 0.0001	*
A²	18.90105	1	18.90105	7.782157	0.0176	*
B²	13.16494	1	13.16494	5.42042	0.0400	*
余量	26.71645	11	2.428768			*
不适合	19.26445	7	2.752064	1.477222	0.3708	不显著
纯错误	7.452	4	1.863
合计	634.4224	16
注：P≤0.0001，为非常显著，用*表示；P≤0.05，为显著，用表示；P>0.05，为不显著

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表 6 Y₂的方差分析

Table 6. ANOVA on Y₂

来源	平方和	df	均方根	F值	P值	显著性
模型	5718.685	5	1143.737	47.54295	< 0.0001	**
A	1182.925	1	1182.925	49.17191	< 0.0001	**
B	3668.818	1	3668.818	152.5057	< 0.0001	**
AB	381.8116	1	381.8116	15.87117	0.0021	*
A²	276.876	1	276.876	11.5092	0.0060	*
B²	235.1061	1	235.1061	9.772907	0.0096	*
余量	264.6261	11	24.05692			*
不适合	207.3161	7	29.61658	2.067111	0.2518	不显著
纯错误	57.31008	4	14.32752
合计	5983.311	16
注：P≤0.0001，为非常显著，用*表示；P≤0.05，为显著，用表示；P>0.05，为不显著

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