钒钛铁精矿钛白废酸浸出提钒实验

吴恩辉; 李军; 侯静; 徐众; 黄平; 刘黔蜀; 吕松

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2022.05.004

钒钛铁精矿钛白废酸浸出提钒实验

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2022.05.004

攀枝花学院，四川　攀枝花　617000

基金项目: 国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（201811360001）；国家自然科学基金项目（U1960101）；四川省科技厅项目（2020YFH0195）；四川省科技计划项目（2019ZYD026）

详细信息

作者简介:
吴恩辉（1984-），男，副教授，博士，主研方向为钒钛磁铁矿综合利用

中图分类号: TD989
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-21

Extraction of Vanadium from Vanadium Titanomagnetite Concentrates by Leaching Process with Titanium White Waste Acid

Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 为了提高钒钛铁精矿中V₂O₅的综合利用率，采用正交实验法，对其进行了钛白废酸直接浸出和焙烧-浸出实验。直接浸出实验结果表明，对V₂O₅浸出率影响最大的因素是液固比，影响最小的是废酸浓度；在浸出温度为90℃，浸出时间90 min，液固比为5和废酸浓度为20%时，钒钛铁精矿中V₂O₅的浸出率较高，其值为71.05%。焙烧-浸出实验结果表明，对钒浸出率影响程度由大到小分别是焙烧温度、碳酸钾配比、碳酸钠配比和焙烧时间；在焙烧温度为1000℃，焙烧时间1 h，碳酸钠配比为5%和碳酸钾配比为10%时，V₂O₅的浸出率可达84.48%。
- 钒钛铁精矿 /
- 钛白废酸 /
- 浸出 /
- 正交实验
Abstract: In order to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of V₂O₅ form vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates, the direct leaching and the roasting-leaching tests were carried out using titanium white waste acid byorthogonal experiment method. The results of direct leaching experiment show that the liquid-solid ratio is the most important factor affecting the leaching rate of V₂O₅, and the concentration of titanium white waste acid is the least. The 71.05% vanadium can be leached under the experimental condition of 20% of titanium white waste acid, 90℃ for 90 min with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 5. The results of roasting-leaching experiment show that the effects of roasting temperature, K₂CO₃ ratio, Na₂CO₃ ratio and roasting time on the leaching rate of V₂O₅ are from large to small. When the conditions of roasting time of 2 h, roasting temperature of 1000℃, Na₂CO₃ ratio of 10%, and K₂CO₃ ratio of 10%, and the leaching rate of V₂O₅ can reach 84.48%.
- Vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates /
- Titanium white waste acid /
- Leaching /
- Orthogonal test

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图 1 钒钛铁精矿的物相组成

Figure 1. XRD patterns of vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates

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图 2 V₂O₅浸出率随浸出各因素的变化曲线

Figure 2. Variation curve change of V₂O₅ leaching rate with leaching different factors

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图 3 V₂O₅浸出率随焙烧各因素的变化曲线

Figure 3. Variation curve change of V₂O₅ leaching rate with different roasting factors

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表 1 钒钛铁精矿的化学成分/%

Table 1. Chemical composition of vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates

TFe	TiO₂	V₂O₅	Cr₂O₃	MgO	CaO	Al₂O₃	SiO₂	MnO
49.96	13.96	0.87	0.45	1.12	1.04	3.00	7.36	0.45

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表 2 正交实验因素水平

Table 2. Factors and levels of orthogonal test

水平	因素
水平	浸出温度/℃	浸出时间/min	液固比	废酸浓度/%
1	30	30	3	20
2	60	60	5	10
3	90	90	7	5

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表 3 正交实验结果与分析

Table 3. L₉(3⁴) orthogonal experimental results and statistical analysis

序号	浸出温度/℃	浸出时间/min	液固比	废酸浓度/%	浸出率/%
1	30	30	3	20	25.89
2	30	60	5	10	46.77
3	30	90	7	5	58.35
4	60	30	5	5	58.14
5	60	60	7	20	60.30
6	60	90	3	10	45.69
7	90	30	7	10	47.08
8	90	60	3	5	20.74
9	90	90	5	20	71.05
K1	43.67	43.71	30.77	52.41
K2	54.71	42.60	58.65	46.51
K3	46.29	58.36	55.24	45.74
R	11.04	15.76	27.88	6.67
较优方案	60	90	5	20

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表 4 正交实验因素水平

Table 4. Factors and levels of orthogonal test

水平	因素
水平	焙烧温度/℃	焙烧时间/min	碳酸钠配比/%	碳酸钾配比/%
1	800	60	0	0
2	1000	120	5	5
3	1200	180	10	10

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表 5 正交实验结果与分析

Table 5. Orthogonal experimental results and statistical analysis

序号	焙烧温度/℃	焙烧时间/h	碳酸钠配比/%	碳酸钾配比/%	浸出率/%
1	800	1	0	0	17.58
2	800	2	5	5	62.99
3	800	3	10	10	77.94
4	1000	1	5	10	84.48
5	1000	2	10	0	82.41
6	1000	3	0	5	73.23
7	1200	1	10	5	70.35
8	1200	2	0	10	76.61
9	1200	3	5	0	66.70
K₁	52.84	57.47	55.81	55.56
K₂	80.04	74.00	71.39	68.86
K₃	71.22	72.62	76.90	79.68
R	27.20	16.53	21.09	24.12
较优方案	1000	2	10	10

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