Abstract: Chemical gypsum is a solid waste generated in the chemical production process, mainly composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate. It is usually treated by stacking and landfilling, which not only occupies a large amount of land but also pollutes the atmosphere and groundwater, causing environmental and safety problems. Chemical gypsum has high calcium and high sulfur characteristics, which make it have broad application prospects in the field of resource recycling. On the basis of summarizing the classification and sources of chemical gypsum, this review summarizes the resource utilization of chemical gypsum, expounds the traditional utilization methods of pretreatment, extraction of valuable elements, preparation of building materials, filling materials and soil improvement, and summarizes the new utilization methods of its fixation of toxic and harmful gases, fixation of radioactive elements and preparation of high strength whiskers. This paper discusses the current status and difficulties of resource utilization of chemical gypsum, proposes the importance of extracting rare earth elements and preparing high-strength gypsum whiskers to promote resource circulation, but these technical means have high process complexity and cost, requiring further in-depth research. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the latest related research and further promote the progress of resource utilization of chemical gypsum.