高品位稀土精矿中稀土、铁、磷、钙元素赋存状态研究

Occurrence of Rare Earth, Iron, Phosphorus and Calcium in High Grade Rare Earth Concentrate

摘要: 白云鄂博混合稀土精矿稀土品位65.86%，杂质元素P₂O₅、CaO、TFe含量分别为11.26%、3.89%、1.34%。实验采用化学分析、AMICS（自动矿物分析系统）、SEM及EDS等分析手段，研究混合稀土精矿中的稀土及杂质元素赋存状态。研究结果表明：稀土主要以独立矿物形式存在于氟碳铈矿、独居石、氟碳钙铈矿和黄河矿，铁主要存在于磁/赤铁矿和黄铁矿中，磷主要赋存于独居石和磷灰石中，钙主要赋存于萤石、磷灰石、白云石和方解石中，为进一步分选氟碳铈矿和独居石精矿，及降低稀土精矿中杂质元素含量提供矿物学依据。

Abstract: Rare earth grade of Bayan Obo mixed rare earth concentrate is 65.86%, and the contents of P₂O₅, CaO and TFe are 11.26%, 3.89% and 1.34%, respectively. Chemical analysis, automatic mineral analysis system, SEM and EDS were used to study the occurrence of rare earth and impurity elements in mixed rare earth concentrate. The results show that rare earth mainly exists in bastnaesite, monazite, parisite and huanghoite in the form of independent minerals, iron mainly exists in magnetite hematite and pyrite, phosphorus mainly exists in monazite and apatite, calcium mainly exists in fluorite, apatite, dolomite and calcite, which can provides mineralogical basis for further separation of bastnaesite and monazite concentrate and reduction of impurity elements in rare earth concentrate.