Characteristics of Heavy Metal Dusts in the Copper Matte Smelting Process and Progress in Accerations Control Technology

As one of the core technologies for copper smelting, matte smelting produces high-temperature flue gas with high SO₂ concentration during the smelting process, which carries a large amount of dusts containing Cu, Pb, Zn, As and other harmful heavy metals. In industry, with the change of temperature and atmosphere in different parts of the flue gas system, the properties of the flue gas will hange gradually, and it will be separated from the flue gas gradually under the action of gravity and static electric field. However, some dust adhesion at high temperatures to rise and waste heat boiler flue wall or on the heat exchange tube, forming solid accerations, result in the boiler in thermal efficiency is lower, the gas flow crossing section decreases and increasing the risk of a harmful dust pollution of heavy metals. Therefore, studying the characteristics of copper smelting and the bonding behavior, accerations development of control technology has become the focus of the industry. The paper intends to compare and analyze the dust and accerations substance physical characteristics in different stages of the flue gas treatment system in different copper smelting processes by sorting out existing research work, and conclude and analyze the laws of composition phase change and accerations substance formation mechanism. At the same time, the progress of accerations control technology in industry is compared and reviewed, and some suggestions are put forward.