Harmless Effect of Sulfuric Acid and Aluminum Sulfate on Barium Slag
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摘要: 钡渣在《国家危险废物名录》的编号为HW47,目前仍以堆放为主,对环境造成了极大污染。针对此问题,研究了硫酸和硫酸铝对钡渣的无害化处理,考查了过量系数、水量和反应时间等因素对钡渣无害化效果的影响。研究结果表明:对100 g钡渣而言,当硫酸铝过量系数为1.5,水量为25 mL,反应时间为1.5 h时,无害化后钡渣浸出毒性测定的Ba2+浓度为93.75 mg/L,Ba2+去除率为88.97%;当硫酸铝过量系数为2.0,水量为25 mL,反应时间为2 h时,无害化后钡渣浸出毒性测定的Ba2+浓度为92.30 mg/L,Ba2+去除率为89.14%,均能达到GB 5085.3-2007对钡离子的毒性鉴别标准限值。相同条件下,硫酸铝的处理效果比硫酸的好,无害化剂的pH值越低,钡渣的无害化效果越差。Abstract: Barium slag is numbered HW47 in the national hazardous waste list. At present, it is still mainly stacked, causing great environmental pollution. Aiming at this problem, the harmlessness of barium slag by sulfuric acid and aluminum sulfate was studied. The effects of excess coefficient, water amount and reaction time on the harmless effect of barium slag were investigated. The results show that, for 100 g barium slag, when the excess coefficient of aluminum sulfate was 1.5, the water volume was 25 ml, and the reaction time was 1.5 h, the concentration of Ba2+ was 93.75 mg/L and the removal rate of Ba2+ was 88.97%. When the excess coefficient of sulfuric acid was 2.0, the water volume was 25 mL, and the reaction time was 2 h, the concentration of Ba2+ was 92.30 mg/L and the removal rate of Ba2+ was 89.14%. Both of them could reach the limit of the toxicity identification standard for barium ion in GB 5085.3-2007. Under the same conditions, the treatment effect of aluminum sulfate was better than that of sulfuric acid, and the lower pH value of harmless agent was, the worse the harmless effect of barium slag was.
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Key words:
- Barium slag /
- Sulfuric acid /
- Aluminum sulfate /
- Harmless
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表 1 钡渣的主要化学成分/%
Table 1. Main chemical components of barium slag
BaSO4 BaCO3 SiO2 FeO Al2O3 BaS CaO Na2O 23.95 37.93 25.12 2.71 5.83 1.32 0.44 0.34 表 2 钡渣能谱分析成分/%
Table 2. Surface scanning results of barium slag
C Si Ba 合计 0.44 2.75 86.81 100.00 表 3 常温常压下几种钡盐的溶解度
Table 3. Solubility of several barium salts at room temperature and pressure
名称 碳酸钡 砷酸钡 铬酸钡 草酸钡 硫酸钡 亚铁氰化钡 溶解度/(g·100 cm-3) 1.409×10-3 2.586×10-9 2.775×10-4 3×10-3 2.448×10-4 9.732×10-3 -
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