Abstract: Objective The Kaili Area in Guizhou Province, as one of the main distribution areas of hydrothermal barite deposits in Guizhou, has significant economic value and scientific research significance for its hydrothermal barite deposits. However, there are relatively few studies on the geological characteristics and distribution patterns of hydrothermal barite deposits in this area, lacking systematicness and comprehensiveness. Method This article mainly conducts field investigation and combines previous research results of this type of barite deposit to systematically analyze the geological characteristics of the deposit. The analogy method reveals the distribution pattern and mineralization mechanism of hydrothermal barite deposits in the Kaili area from aspects such as mineralization time, spatial distribution, ore-controlling factors, and sources of ore-forming materials. Result The hydrothermal barite ore bodies in the Kaili Area are mainly located in the tensile fault zones, interlayer fault zones and dense joint and fissure zones developed in the Ordovician Tongzi Formation and Honghuayuan Formation strata, and are strictly controlled by the structure and strata. Conclusion The formation of such barite deposits has shaped a mineralization system that combines "generation, transportation, storage and cover". The research results of this study provide a scientific basis for the exploration and development of barite in this area.